Cairo

Source: Al Wafd Newspaper

Written by Dr. Ali Mohamed Al-Khouri

Climate change, causing global warming, changes in weather patterns and disturbances in the usual balance of nature, is a pressing issue that threatens ecosystems, economies and societies around the world. The Arab region, known for the diversity of its geographical characteristics and climatic conditions, is not isolated from the catastrophic effects of climate change, which in its simplest form could lead to an exacerbation of poverty rates in its societies and food insecurity. This shows the need for a comprehensive regional approach not only to mitigate the effects of climate change, but also to seize the opportunities available in the arena of clean and renewable energy to achieve the goals of sustainable development in the countries of the region.

The impact of climate change on the Arab countries

The negative impacts of climate change are particularly harsh in the Arab region, where upward trends in temperatures have exacerbated existing environmental, social and economic challenges. For example, the agricultural industry – which mostly depends on rainfall in most Arab countries – suffers from changing rainfall patterns, increasing droughts, land degradation and desertification. Countries that depend heavily on agriculture also face potential food shortages, with imports averaging 50% or more of the food supply.

At the same time, coastal regions grapple with the risks of sea level rise. The Middle East and North Africa region is witnessing a dwindling water supply, with severe impacts on local food production systems. Consequently, these changes could lead to an escalation of social and economic tensions, an increase in poverty rates, and a slowdown in the progress of development projects.

Challenges in addressing climate change

Implementing effective climate change mitigation strategies can be a daunting task, due to the unprecedented scale and pace of environmental changes. This requires rethinking the traditional mechanisms of decision-making in solving problems and making the necessary changes, strengthening institutional capacities to combat climate-related threats, and securing adequate funding for climate change research.

Mitigation opportunities and strategies

Despite these diverse and complex challenges, Arab countries have enormous opportunities to adapt and mitigate the effects of climate change. Harnessing clean and renewable energy sources, adopting water conservation techniques, and expanding green spaces can reduce environmental impact and support sustainable development.

Emerging climate improvement technologies also offer promising solutions to climate challenges. Integrating these technologies into existing systems can accelerate the region’s transition towards a sustainable, low-carbon future. Smart agriculture, for example, which integrates modern technology into agricultural practices, can revolutionize food production, making it more resilient to climate change. Other digital tools such as artificial intelligence systems and internet-connected big data can also enhance the region’s resilience to the negative effects of climate change, and smart city models can conserve resources and provide more sustainable environmental systems and solutions.

All in all, the use of modern ICTs can enhance energy conservation, reduce industrial emissions, and contribute to climate change mitigation.

Encouraging innovation and collaboration

One of the indisputable imperatives is that climate change has become a major threat to Arab countries, but at the same time provides opportunities to find innovative and sustainable solutions. By proactively addressing climate change, Arab countries can secure a resilient and sustainable future. Therefore, policy makers must prioritize climate action, invest in research and development, and strengthen regional and international cooperation to create a greener and more sustainable Arab region.

To truly benefit from technology in climate action, Arab countries must foster a national environment that encourages innovation and cooperation. Initiatives such as green architecture, digital transformation, and research and development in renewable energy technologies are all very important themes. It confirms a central requirement here, which is the need for a platform that stimulates cooperation between governments, the private sector, civil society and financial institutions, to overcome challenges and coordinate resources, expertise and capabilities towards a common goal.

The role of governments is to provide policy guidance, regulatory frameworks, and public financing, while the private sector can drive innovation, implement climate-friendly business models, and invest in sustainable technologies. Civil society plays a major role in raising public awareness, mobilizing and activating the roles of various parties. As for the financial institutions, their role lies in directing their investments towards low-carbon development projects related to adaptation to climate change. Together, these entities can promote a robust and integrated response to climate change and balance the demands of environmental sustainability with social and economic development.